Hydraulic press.



P. PHELPS. HYDRAULIC PRESS. APPLIU'ATIN FILED JUNE 7,'1999.

1 Winni-555v 3 P. PHELPS. HYDRAULIC PRESS. APPLIUATION FILED JUNE 7, 1909,

2 SHEETS-BHBET 2.

Patented NOV. 15, 1910.

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FRANK rH'ELPs, or LITTLE nocK, ARKANSAS.

HYDRAULIC PRESS.

Specification of Letters Patent.j

Patented um.` i5, loro.

Application led June 7, 1909. Serial No. 500,725.

To all whom it may co'rtccm.' v Beit known that I, FRANK' PHELPS, la

`citizen of the United States, residing at Little Rock, in the county of-Pulaski and State of Arkansas,l1ave invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hydraulic Presses; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the, art toy which it 'appertains to make and use the same. f

`? My invention is anpimprovement in varying power presses, for use in recom ressing baled cotton, expressing cotton-see "oil, or for any purpose where a low quick pressure is required at the start and a greater pres- Y sure to complete the operation.

In hydraulic presses of` this type, as previously' constructed, the fluid pressure was introduced by separate pipe connections to the `primary and secondary pressure chambers, and its admission to the latter was controlled by a valve. 'f

J' In my present improvedl construction the fluid pressure is introduced into the secondary pressure chamber fronf the primary pressure chamber, and the change from low communication between slow speed with full pressure for all or any desire part of its stroke. l

In the accompanying drawings, which form a partl of thls specification: Figure l is a sectional elevation ofta co'ttoncompressI having a hydraulic` motor embodying vmy invention. Fig.n 2 is a sectional view of the hydraulic motor, with connections for supplying the motive uid represented in elevation. The ram is shown at its initial or lowered position, and the dotted lines indicate its position-,at the beginning of the slower, hlghressure, portion of its stroke. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the subject-matter of Fig. 2, the hydraulic motor being shown part in cross section.

1 denotes the pillars or guide-rods of the press, rising from thebase frame 1a and connected bythe upper press-head or top frame 1b. The latter has a central opening 1 for inserting a hoisting-cable to withdraw close sliding lit on the tube, a

the ram when it is desired to renew its packings; and to the under side of thepress-head is secured the usuahgrooved pressplate 1d.

2 is the movable press-head or follower, provided with a grooved ress-plaate 2d, and

bolted at 2e to collars 2b y which the followeris guided on the rods 1.

3 is the ran'i, in the form of a hollow piston, which works in the cylinder 3a. The upper closed `end of the ram ts in a socket 2t on the under side of the follower 2;,which is sup orted thereby. The cylinder 3a is of slight y larger internal diameter than 'the external diameter of the ram, leaving an annular space 3b; but the upper end of the cylinder has a reduced bore, in which the ram is slidably fitted, packings 3"', 3d being/provided to make a Water-tight joint. The upper end .of the cylinder may be provided with an annular groovee to catch any water or oil that` may escape thereat.

4 is atube secured at 4a in the lower closed/l end ofncylinder ,3a and extending into the ram 3. The lower Iend ofthe ram has a being provided to make a water-tight joint. The tube 4 is open at its upper end, and it has a port 4x in its side at a predetermined distance below its upper end, through which port communication is established between the interior of the tube 4 and the interior of the cylinder 3a when the ram has risen a sufficient distance to uncover said port, as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 2. The

tube 4 in conjunction with the space in the ram above it, constitutes a primary force chamber the eiective working area of which is equivalent to the cross sectionalpareafof the tube; while the cylinder 38L constitutes a secondary force chamber, the eective working area is equivalent to the cross sectional area of the ram minus that of the ,2480 packing 3f tube; so that when the Huid' pressure is let shown) leads to a port 3g in the side of the,

cylinder 3*. A check valve 6 in pipe 6 prevents back flow of water from pipe 5. The pipe 5 is also connected with the. motivefluid supply pipe 4, a checkvalv 5a beingv provided between 6 and 4, which valve opens toward 4c and prevents the flow ot liquid from the pipe 4 to the port 3g through that branch of the pipe 5 having the check valve 5a.- Pipe 4c is further connected, between l5 and 4d, with a return pipe 7 leading' to the supply7 tank, said pipe 7 being provided with a preferably manually operable eock7a. A direct connection between pipes 5 and 7 can be established through pipe 8 provided with a cock 8a Awhich is normally closed.`

The operation is as follows: Cocks 7 and 8a being closed, the working fluid is forced by the pump through pipes 4, 4* (check 5 closing) into the tube 4, causing the ram 3 to -rise ra idly; and meanwhile water flows by gravity through ipes 6, 5 and port 3g into the cylinder 3a. is soon as the ram 'passes and uncovers the port43, the working iiuid is admitted thereby under the ram, closin by back pressure the check valve 6, and ll pressure is obtained for the remainder of the stroke of the ram. 'Io re-v turn the ram to starting position, Athe stopcock 7a isl opened. The water then flows back through the tube 4 and pipe 4b; alsol through port 3g and pipe 5; and through pipes 4c and 7 (checks 4d and 6a closing) back to the supply tank. By this means I can produce a'press having the speed and power of a 12-1nch piston during say the rst thirty six inches of compression, and of ,a 24-inch ram for the remainder of the stroke; and a pumpV that will force a 24-inc`h ram its full stroke in one minute will move my ram its full stroke in about. half the time. It would be an obvious reversal to have the fluid pressure introduced first into the outer force chamber and then into the inner force chamber after the ram has risen above the portl 4x.' This would require connecting thepipe 5 with the tube 4, and connecting the pipe 4", with the port 3g. Obviously also the principle might be extended, by providing a number o .inner pistons so that the ram would movevery fast at the start and gradually slow downand increase in power toward the end of the stroke. The ram may also be usedin connection with any accumulator.

A s aforesaid the cock 8 remains closed normally; but ifin any case, as when com-` pressing an extremely large bale of cotton the fram operated by iluid pressure in the primary force chamber has insuilicient power to vpass the port 4*, then the cock 8a may be opened and water under pressure, flowing through pipes 7, `8 and 5, would enter 'the cylinder 3a at port 3g, giving full power. Also, by means of the cock 8, the

ram can lbe operated at slow Speed with full pressure for all or any desired part 'of its stroke preceding the port 4*.

The top of the ram is shown provided with an eye 3 to be engaged by a yhook on a hoisting'eable let through the opening 1\in the upper press-head when the follower or 10, 1910, saranno. 537,311.

,It will be understood that the invention is not restricted tol thesparticular construction and arrangement of parts' illustrated, and can be applied to other kinds of presses.

The pipe connections have been conventionally represented and the proportions and particular arrangement of pipes shown are not to be followed; but the relative arrange- .ment of pipe connections and valves iscorrect.

I claim as my invention and desire to'secure by Letters Patent: l. In a hydraulic press, the combination with the ram and a pluralityof constantly separate'force chambers, of means for admitting Yfluid under pressure to a force cham ber, and means controlled `by the movement of the ram for establishing communication between said chambers, whereby the uid pressure is introduced successively into said chambers for operating the ram atv varying powers. Y

2.v In a hydraulic press, the combination with the ram, of primary and secondary -force chambers which/are separate during the whole movement f the ram, means for admitting fluid under'pressure to the primary chamber, means or maintaining the secondary vchamber filled with iiuid as the ram is moved by the fluid pressure in the primary Y"chamber, and a port for establish-1 ing communication between said chambers adapted to be opened by movement of the ram for a part of its stroke, whereby fluid pressure is introduced into )the `secondary chamber for continuing the stroke of the ram at greater. pressure.

3. In a hydraulic press, the combination vof concentric cylinders, a hollowrram -telemeans for snpscoping with said cylinders, plymg fluid under pressure toene cylinder and for filling Pthe other cylinder with fluid as the ram is movedJ at low pressure, and/a port for establishing communication between said'. cylinders which is opened by movement of the ram for a certain partof its stroke, the ram continuing throughout its reciprocations in telescopic'relationwith the concentric cylinders. s

4. In a hydraulic press, the combination of the cylinder, a fluid-pressure supply tube extending longitudinally thereinto, and a hollow4 or bored ram working on the tube and in the cylinder, the tube being provided with a lateral port which is uncovered by movement of the ram through a part of its stroke, the ram working on the tube throughout its entire reciprocatory movement.

rk5. In combination, a cylinder having a plurality of constantly separate force chambers, a tubular ram telescoping with the Walls of said chambers, and means controlled by movement of the ram for establishing communication between said force chambers, with means for admitting fluid under pressure to one force chamber and supplying iuid to lill the other force chamber, whereby' the ram is moved rapidly until the fluid pressure is introduced into both force chambers for continuing the stroke at increased pressure.` v

6. In combination, a cylinder having a plurality of constantly separate force chambers and a port, controlled by the ram, for establishing communication between said chambers, with a ram, and means for admitting fluid under pressure to one force chamber to move the ram rapidly until it causes the opening of saidport, whereupon the stroke is continued by the operation of fiuid pressure in both chambers.

7. The combination of a cylinder, a tube within the cylinder provided with a lateral, port, a hollow or bored ram working in said cylinder and on said tube, the ram when retracted covering said port, and means for admitting fluid to ,the tube and cylinder and supplying the fluid under pressure to one of them, whereby the ram is moved quickly with low pressure until it uncovers said port and its stroke is then continued with greater pressure, tthe ram working on said tube at all times. v

8. In combination, a cylinder having a plurality of force chambers, a ram, pipeconnections for supplying fluid to both chambers and means or supplying the fluid under pressure to one of them, means controlled by the ram for establishing commuy nication between said chambers, and means whereby the fluidpressure can be introduced into both chambers before such communication is established.

9. The combination with the ram, and

V4d and 5, an

primary and secondary force chambers, and means controlled by the ram for ,establishing communication between said chambers, of a fluid-pressure supply pipe leadingto the primary chamber, a fluid supply plpe leading to the secondary chamber, said pipes having check-valves 4d and 6 for preventing back flow and having a connection between said check-valves, which connection is provided with a check 5a to prevent flow from the fluid-pressure supply pipe to said fluid supply pipe, and a return pipe provided with a cock extending from the fluidpressure supply `pipe between check-valves 4d and 5a.

10. The combination with the ram and primary and secondary force chambers, and means controlled by the ram for establishing communication between said chambers, of a Huid-pressure supply pipe leading to the primary chamber, a fiuid supply pipe leading to the secondary chamber, said pipes having check-valves'lld and 6 for preventing back flow and having a connection between said check-valves, which connection is provided with a check valve 5 to prevent flow from the fluid-pressure supply pipe to said Huid supply pipe, and a return ipe provided with a cock extending from t e fluidpressure suply pi e between check-valves a va ve-controlled connection 8, between said return pipe and said fluid supply pipe, which connection is -between the fluid pressure supply pipe and said cock, substantially as and for the purposes described. 11. In a hydraulic press, the combination of concentric cylinders, a' hollow ram telescoping with said cylinders, means for supplying fluid under pressure to one cylinder, there being a port for establishing V`communication between said cylinders which is opened by movement of the ram for a certain part of its stroke, the ram continuing throughout its reciprocations in telescopic engagement with the concentric cylinders.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature, in presence of two witnesses.

FRANK PHELPs.

Witnesses:

H. A. BABBITT, J. J. ABLES. 

